Fastening and shoes containing the fastening



0a; 26,1943.- R. c. MARCY 2,332,653

FASTENING AND SHOES CONTAINING THE FASTENING Filed Sept. 4, 1941 Patented Oct. 26, 1943 FASTENING AN'DZSHOES:CONTAININGITHEEZ FASTENING' I Richard 'C. Marcy; Marblehead, Mass}, assiglior'tii- United ShoeMachinery Coi'pbi'ationj' Fl'eniingi H ton; N. J;, a'corporation of New Jers'ey" A Application se tetnb t 4,1941; seria1-Ntt. 409t4to t V t let-claims; This invention-relates to fastenings and to shoes in whichthe' fastenings may be us'ed andit is illustrated herein with reference to single shank fastenings particularly adapted for use in secur in'goutsoles to McKay shoes.-

In' attaching toutsoles to t shoes of the type ref rred to the outsole is laid'on the lasted-shoe bottom and is temporarily securedin position thereon toipermit thelastto be pulled out=of .the shoe and through and-throughstitches to be in serted through the outsole, the upper: and the insole. Although various: fastening" means have been employed h'er'etoztore t to holdithe sole: temporarily on the shoe bottom, the usualpractice isto use staples which arenormally'inserted' in the stitch receiving I channel of the outsole; Jinvvardly of the groove in which the sol'eattach.

ing stitches are. to" be located. However, since the groove for the stitches is usually located near the inner extremity of the channel, the staplesare necessarily positioned relatively close to the stitches.

E-If the: staples are inserted so that .their bar portions are located -paralleltte the edge face of. the outsole', which will also be'parallel to the'row of so'le attaching stitches when 1 the latter are inserted; no trouble will ordinarily result' from using staples in laying the 1 outsole. I However; if thestaples should: become: turned or twisted from this parallel position while being inserted, as often happens, they are likely toextendinto the path or plane in which the 1 sole: attaching stitches are to b'e'locatedand theref-orewill be in a p'ositien to be struck by the needle of the sewing machine, in'which case the needlema'i be damaged or' even broken. Moreover, even though thebar-portions of the staples are located substantially parallel-to the path or line of "the stitches, the legs ofthestaplesoiten become clinched-in diverse directions which sometimes causesone or the other of the legs to extend into or cross the path of the stitchesand thus be in a position to be 'struck' by the sewing needle and cause thela'tter to break; t y

1 Objects: of-s the present invention ar to provide an" improved l fastening which is particularly adapted to eliminatethe above d-ifiiculties'in work of' the l'type referred to; and to provide an improved shoe-"having its outsoleattached to the shoe by means of su'ch 'fastenings.

2110 these: ends and'lin accordance with one of its featuresftheiinvention providesyas a new article 0f manufacture; an improved fasteningcom prisingfa straight shank portion: having its cppoa site end; :portionsiprovidedrwith sets of legs; each set-preferably comprising-1 a pair; andthe legs of one set being; deflected laterally ot the shank portion: of the fasteningi withirf planes defined; byi oppositesides of said shank portion tct provide 1 a drivingthead on the fastening. A5 herein illus trated, the fastening may be-formed byrseverin'gt itfrom austraight length of rectangular wirkby inclined; cutting 'kniv'se arranged to I cross" each other at predetermined angles-anti having. means thereon which act during; the ciittirig operation to deflect the upper pair of legs laterally inm p site directions but within parallelplanes defiried byatwo opposite surfaces of: the; shank-' p'orticn, for example, the' inner and outer: sides thereof: toform the driving head. The knives are in'e' clined= in: planes: normal to r the planes: of said opposite sides: cfthe shan k portion "ofth fasten s 'at' angles EWh-iCh produce' correspohdingly inclined or? bevledis'urfaceson-tl'ie legs-"of each pair, these beveled t surfaces extending? in opposite directions to each'ether fin plane i normal to the inner and outer; sides"of the fasteningtand at inclinations or: angles which eX-tend the full length of? the legs and cause" them-- t6 taper tl'irough'ouir their"' lengths while also producing chisel points =oh the ends of t the 'zlegs. When the fastening i drivernth'ubevels on-the' zd'efiected legs at the driving-end"ofTthetfastenifigtcauSe these: legs to become further bent -or:defi-ected sdtthatf'they?becenie clinched tagainst th auppzer surface of the work piece into which th'e faisten's in isdriv'ens The bevels oh -the opposite or lower pair oflegs w-ll' l caifse these legs-J when they engage clinching mali sliitifl a rnetal "pla'te or anvil, to be bentor dfictedirr opposite dii'e'c Hons-"laterally"- of the 'shanl portien of the fastenins but within the planesfof the front and' r ar sides of said "sh'ankpbrtion til'these lowei le'gs becomef clinched a'gainst the l 'wwer Sll'lffiCHTf thetworlrpieces t The present tastemng; therefo e; rovides means which; as'hereinillnstratd; can'b'e ia'd vantageousiywusedinthe-type or wbrk-tererre if) 1'01" hl'difig the OlIfiSbl'' ion the" hottest of the shoe until the sole attachinastitches are inserted it-1 15 danger of breaking: the needle because, as indicated aheve th fastningrhas only a single shank portion which is inserted. substantiallyt perpendicularly to the-surface of the sole, and thelegs onthe: opposit ends" of that fasten; ins e" ra ge ts) e deflected and cli-nched so; a that" they. will lie within theparaplanes of the ifront and-rear sides of saidshank'portion sci that, as illustrated wthev clinched legs will of the stitches in the stitch receiving channel.

In accordance with another feature, the invention provides an improved shoe consisting of an insole, an upper, and an outsole, and a row of separate fastenings securing the outsole to the insole and uppfir, each of these fastenings. comprising a straight shank portion passing through the outsole, upper and insole and having its onposite ends provided with sets or pairs of legs.

r 2 2,65 always be located parallel to the path or plane which are clinched respectively against the in- "i ,tening but within the planes of the front and .rearisides of said shank portion, as best shown in sole and the outsole, and the legs of each pair;

being deflected laterally in opposite directions, within planes defined by opposite sides of the shank portion of the fastening and extending,

illustrated, the outsole may be attached 'to the shoe by the fastenings alone or, if desired, the

points formed on their outer ends. The knives I! are provided at their lower ends with cutting edges formed by the upper sides is thereof, meeting inclined lower surfaces which are inclined at such angles to the upper surfaces l9 that, when the knives are severing a fastening from the wire l2, the upper pair of legs 16, which the knives form as they sever the fastening, will be engaged by these inclined surfaces 20 and will be initially deflected or bent in opposite directions to each other laterally of the shank portion of the fas- .Figs l and 2, thereby providing a, driving head i I on the fastening. parallel to the edge face of the outsole. As herein As the knives sever the fastening l0 from the length of wire, they simultaneously form the lower pair of legs. I4 of the next fastening so fastenings may be used merely to hold theoutsole in position until the sole attaching stitches are inserted- In the latter case,as pointed out above, the fastenings will not extend into the path or plane of the sole. attaching stitches and, accordingly, there will be no danger of breaking the needle of the sewing. machine when the stitches are inserted.

With the above and other objects and features in view, the invention will now be described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawing. and-will thereafter be pointed out in the claims. i i In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the new fastening after it has been severed from a length of wire; I Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the fastening'being severed from the wire by inclined knives;

' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in perspective and cross section showingone side of a McKay shoe the outsole of which has been secured in position by the present fastenings; Fig. 4 is a perspective sectional View similar to Fig. 3 showing the outsole permanently attached to the shoe by through-and-through stitches; Fig.5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing an outsole being attached to a shoe by the present fastenings alone, the lower end of a driver being shown driving one of the fastenings; .Fig. 6-is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the outsole permanently attached to the shoe by the fastenings; 1- Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale taken ontheline VII-VII of Fig.5; and Fig. 8 'is across section of the driver taken onthe line VIII VIII ofFig. '7. The improved fastening is illustrated in detail in Figs. 1 and z and, as shown therein, comprises a straight shank or body portion [0 substantially rectangular in cross section and formed by cutting the fastening from a straight length of wire I2 which may be carried by a reel or other suitable means. The shank portion I0 of the fastening has its opposite end portions provided with sets of'legs comprising a pair of legs 14 locatedjat the lower end of the fastening an'da pair of legs" I6 located at its upper end. V Asillustratedin Fig. 2, the fastenings may be severed fromthe length of wire l2 by a pairof inclinedcutting knives l8 arranged to cross each other at opposite'anglesand in planes normal'to the plane of the shank portion ofthe fastening, the inclinations of thetwo knives corresponding to inclinations or bevels desi-red on opposite sides of. the legs of. each pair to cause the legs to taper throughout their-lengths andto have chisel that, upon each operation of the knives, a completed fastening is cut from the wire with its lower pair of legs l hbeveled,thr,oughout,,their lengths at opposite-anglesvto-each'otherto form chisel points and with its-upper pair. oflegs II likewise beveled throughouttheir-lengths at'opposite angles to form points thereon but with the upper pair being also deflected laterally in opposite directions of the shank portion of the fasten ing. so that they lie within plane's defined by the front and rear sides thereof to provide the dI'lV! ing head. The'knives l8 maybe'operated in any usual or convenient manner as,jf or example, in guideways by rack and pinion arrangements or by cam operated levers actuatedfrom any .usual' source of power;

'As illustrated in Fig. ,1; the shank portion l ll of the fastening is about: twice as thick incross sectionras it is wide to permit thepairs of'legs on its opposite ends to beformed with'the legs of each pair locatedin'side-by-sidelrelation to each other. As herein illustrat'ed,the surface 22- constitutes the front side of the fastening and the surface opposite the surface 22 (not shown) constitutes its rear or innerside. Thesefront and rear surfaces of the,rectangular fastening are parallel to each other and have-been regarded herein as determining the planeo'r planes-of theshank' portion'ofth'e fastening within which the legs are clinched so that, when the legs Hand [6 are defined in the specification or. claims as being within or parallel 'to,;the planes defined by opposite sides ofsaid shank portion, the legs are considered to lie in positions within the planes of these front and rear surfaces of the fastening or, to state it in another way, tolie'within the space defined by the planes of these surfaces and preferably parallelto'such planes.

As pointedout above, one important use for which the present fastening is particularly adapted is that of securing the outsole of a McKay shoe in the position in'which it has been laid on the shoe bottom until after the, outsole has been permanently attached to the shoe by-the usual through-and-throughstitches. As illustrated in" Fig. 3, an outsole 24.; provided with a; stitch freceiving channel 25;,and' ap-chann'el fiap, 128,"is laidon the bottom of a shoe comprising an upper 30 and -an insole 32 which have been, assembled-on a last 34 provided with ametal bottom plate";

the upper having been secured in overlastedre lation to the insole in any usual-manneria's; for example, by cement or staples. After the outsole 24 has been jlaid on'the shoebottom, the

fastenings I 9' are driven substantially perpendicularly through the outsole, upper'andtinsole' to hold-the outsole'temporarily in pcsitionon the shoe bottom. Asillustrated in-Figs. Sand 4, the fastenings- I ll are located: adjacent to the. inner edge of the stitchreceiving channel Ni and inwardly of; the usualgroove 38 in which the sole attaching stitches are located, the lower legs [4 of the fastenings being clinched against the inner surfacejof the insole by the metalplate 36 on the last bottom. The laterally deflected upper legs I6 of the fastening are likewise clinched by. the

driver against the surface of the outsole formed by the channel 26. As illustrated in Fig. 7, the

pairs of legs l4 and Ifiare deflected laterally and clinched during the driving operation in such a manner that they liewithinplanes defined by opposite sides ofthe shank. portion In of the fastening or, in other words, so that they are located within: and parallel to the planes of the front andrear surfaces of the fastening. Moreover, the shank portion of the fastening has been. so located in the outsole that its front surface 22 and consequently the clinched legs are all parallel to the edge face of the outsole, which is indicated in Fig. 3 by the reference numeral! 40'.

After a sufficient number of fastenings ill have been inserted in the shoe to hold the outsole 24 temporarily on the shoe bottom, the last 34 may be removed from the shoe, as-shown in Fig. 4, and the outsole 24 permanently attached t'o the shoe bottom by through-and-through stitches "42 which will be located in the groove 38 of the stitch receiving channel 25 and will pass through the outsole, the overlastedupper 30 and the insole 32; After the sole attaching stitches 42 have been inserted; the channel flap 28 maybe cemented and laid over the channel to cover the stitches and the driven fastenings l0. Since the clinched legs l4 and i6 are all located within the planes of the front and' rear sides 'of the shank portion Ill-of the fastening and are parallel to the edge face Ml of the outsole, they will'not extend into the groove 38 in the stitch receiving. channel and in the line or path of the sole attaching stitches 42. Consequently, the stitches 42 may be inserted without danger of the needle of the sewing machine striking one of the fastenings and damaging or breaking the needle. A machine which may advantageously be used for inserting the fastenings in the shoe is one of the general type disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 786,190 granted March 28, 1905-, on an application filed in the name of Louis A. Casgrain.

Fig. '7 illustrates, on an enlarged scale, the step of fastening an outsole to the upper and insole of a- McKay type shoe bythe use of the novel fastenings of this invention, the lowerlegs is or each fastening being deflected, in the driving operation, by the metal plate 51 on the bottom of the last toward the outer face of the outsole thus causing an effective clinching of the legs with their ends extending into the insole, the upper legs It being also clinched against the outer face of the outsole or the channel therein by a fastening insertingdriver 44 which may be utilized in the machine for inserting the fastenings. The driver 44 preferably comprises an elongated metal bar of sufiicient dimensions in cross section to engage the deflected legs l6 forming the driving head and drive the fastening and also to clinch the legs [6 in the manner illustrated in Fig. '7. The driver may, if desired, be shaped in cross section as shown in Fig. 8 so that it has a central portion 46 the full thickness ofthe fastening ill, and has oppositely extending flanges or ribs 48.projecting. fromthecentral portion 46 for engaging the deflectedlegs It at the upper end of the fastening.

Since the present. fasten ng, although comprising only a single shank portion, is provided at its opposite endportions with sets or pairs of legs which may be clinched. to hold the fastening firmly in the work, thefa'stenings may, if desired, be utilized for permanently securing shoe parts together as, for example, for permanently attaching an outsole Ellto the bottom of a McKay,

shoe (Fig. 5) which, as illustrated, comprises an upper 52 assembled with an insole 54 on a last 56 having a metal bottom plate 51, the upper being secured in overlasted relation to the insole by cement, staples, or other suitable means. When the fastenings alone are relied upon to holdthe outsole permanently on the shoe bottom, they may be inserted somewhat closer together than inthe previous shoe, as illustrated in Fig. 5, this figure also showing one of the fastenings being inserted by the driver 44. Moreover, since no sole attaching stitches are to be inserted, the fastenings may be located directly in the groove 58 which ordinarily receives the stitches, this groove, as stated, being formed near the inner edge of a stitch receiving channel 69 provided with a flap 62, whichis the usual construction of outsoles for McKay shoes. After the fastenings l0 have been inserted around the outsole 50. and have attached it permanently to the bottom of the shoe 52, the channel flap 62 may be laid, as shown in Fig. 6, and cemented back in the channel to cover the fastenings, after which the last 56 may be removed from the shoe. w

The shoe of Fig. 6 will have its outsole attached just as securely to the shoe bottom as the shoe of Fig. l because, as stated above, a sufficient number of fastenings It may be inserted when no stitchesare to be used to insure that the attachment of the outsole will be strong and permanent. Since each separate fastening is clinched at both ends the fastenings are firmly locked or anchored in the materials of the shoe bottom and will not tend to work out during the wearing of the shoe. The fastenings, moreover, by reason of the manner in which they are clinched against the inner face of the insole present no projections on the inside of the shoe such as might be perceptible in the wearing of the shoe.

When it is desired to utilize through-and through stitches aswell asthe fastenings ill for attaching outsoles to McKay shoes, the fastenings serve merely to hold the outsole in proper position on the shoe" bottom until after the through-and-through stitches have been inserted. The fastenings are so located and clinched in the materials of the shoe bottom, however,-

that there is no danger of their extending into the path or line which the sole attaching stitches will follow and be in a position to cause the breaking of the needle during the stitching operation.

While the present fastening has been disclosed herein with reference to laying and attaching outsoles to McKay type shoes, it should be understood that the fastening is not limited to such .uses but obviously has many other uses particularly in cases where a single shank fatening is desired which can be clinched at. both endsin a manner which gives the fastening greatly increased holding power over fastening which ;cannot be clinched in the manner indicated;

claim as new-anddesire to secure by Letters Pat ent of the United States is:

1. As a new article'of manufacture, a fastening comprising a straight shank portion having two sides located opposite each other and having opposite end portions provided with sets of legs which taper throughout their lengths, the legs of one set being deflected laterally of said shank portion within planes defined by theopposite sides of said shankportion to provide a driving head on the fastening.

2, As a new article of manufacture, a metallic fastening comprising a straight shank portion which is rectangular in cross section and has its opposite end portions provided with pairs of legs, the legs of each pair tapering throughout their full lengths in opposite directions and the legs at one end portion being initially deflected in opposite directions laterally of said shank portion but within parallel planes defined by two opposite surfaces thereof to provide a driving head on the fastening.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a fastening comprising a straight shank portion having parallel front and rear surface and provided .at its opposite end portions with pairs of legs, the legs of one pair being bent laterallyof said shank portion within the planes definedby said front v:and rear surfaces to provide a driving head on the fastening, and the legs of the other pair be- :ing beveled at opposite angles to each other to provide points on said legs.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a fastening comprising a straight rectangular shank portion having pairs of legs formed on its opposite end portions, the legs of each pair being beveled at opposite angles to each other to provide tapered points on said legs, and the legs of one pair being bent in opposite directions laterally of said shank portion so that they lie Within the space between the planes of two opposite sides of said I shank portion to provide a head on the fastening by which it may be driven.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a fastening comprising a shank portion composed of a straight length of rectangular wire, said shank portion having pairs of legs provided at its opposite end portions, the legs of both pairs being beveled at opposite angles to each other to form chisel points thereon, and the legs of one pair being initially bent away from each other in opposite directions laterally of said shank portion to provide a driving head on the fastening, said legs being bent in directions parallel to the planes of the front and rear sides of lar shank portion of the fastening.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a metallic fastening comprising a straight shank portion having parallel front and rear surfaces and having its opposite end portions provided with sets of legs, the legs of one set being deflected laterally of said shank portion but parallel to the planes of the front and rear surfaces thereof to provide a driving head on the fastening, and the legs of the other set being beveled at opposite angles to one another in planes normal to the planes of said surfaces to form chisel points on said legs, the bevels on said legs causing them when driven against clinching means to be de flected laterally of the shank portion of the fastening but within the planes of said, front and rear surfaces.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a fastening adapted to be driven comprising a straight shank portion of rectangular cross section having its the rectanguopposite end portions provided with pairs of legs; the legs-of one pair being deflected laterally 0! saidshank portion in opposite directions but within parallel planes defined by opposite sides of the shank portion of the fastening'to provide a driving head thereon, and the legs of the other pair' being-beveled lengthwise at oppositelyin'- clined angles in planes normal to said parallel planes to'form oppositely tapered legs having chisel points thereon, the bevels on 'said leg's being such that, when the fastening is driven into a work piece and against clinching'means, the'legs will bedeflected in opposite directions laterally of the shank portion of the fastening but within the parallel planes defined by said opposite sides of said shank portion.

8.'As a new article of manufacture, a fasten ing Comprising a shank portion composed of a straight length of rectangular wire having two parallel opposite sides and provided at its'opposite end portions with pairs of legs, the legs of each pair being beveled at angles inclined oppositely to each other in planes normal to the planes of said opposite. sides to taper lengthwise andhave chisel points thereon, and the legsof one pair being deflected in opposite directions laterally of said shank portion but lying within the planes defined by said opposite sides to provide a'driving head on the .fas-

tening, the bevels on the deflected legs causing them to become clinched against one surface of a work piece within the planes of' said opposite sides when thefastening is driventhrough the work piece and against clinching means supporting the same, and the bevels on the other pair of legs causing them to be deflected in opposite directions laterally of the fastening and to become clinched against the opposite surface of the workpiece with the legs extendingin positions which lie, within the planes defined by said opposite sides of the shank portion of the fastening. I j I 9. A shoe comprising an insole, an upper, and an outsole, and fastenings securing the outsole to the insole and upper, each of said fastenings comprising a straight shank portion passing through the outsole,'upper andinsole and hav an outsole, and .a row of fastenings extending around the margin of the outsole-andsecuring it to the insole and upper,'each of said fastenings comprising a straight shank. portion passing through the outsole, upper andi'nsole with the outer side of said shank portion parallel to the edge face of the outsole, said fastening being provided at its opposite end portions with pairs of legs, the legs of each pair being deflected in opposite directions laterally of said shank. pore tion but within planes parallel to, the plane of said outer side until the legs arejclinched respectively againstthe; inner surface of the insole and an outer surface ,on the outsole, with the clinched portions of said legs lying parallel to the edge face of the outsole.

11. A shoe comprising an insole, an upper, and an outsole, and a'frow of fastenings securing the 'outsole tothe insole and" upper, each of said fastenings comprising a-straightshank portion provide legs which,

ing clinched respectively against the insole and outsole, the shank portions of said fastenings being located so that the clinched portions of the legs are parallel to the edge face of the outsole.

12. A shoe comprising an insole, an upper, and an outsole, a row of through-and-through stitches located parallel to the edge face of the outsole and'securing the outsole to the insole and upper, and a row of fastenings adjacent to the stitches and passing through the outsole, upper and insole, each of said fastenings comprising a straight rectangular shank portion having its inner and outer sides parallel to the edge face of the outsole and to each other and having its opposite end portions provided with sets of legs which are clinched respectively against the insole and outsole, and the legs of each set being clinched by being deflected laterally of the shank portion of the fastening but in positions lying within and parallel to the planes defined by said inner and outer sides so that when clinched said legs are parallel to the row of stitches and do not extend into the path of said stitches.

13. A shoe comprising an insole, an uppenand an outsole, a 7 row of through-and-through stitches extending around the margin of the outsole parallel to its edge face and securing said outsole to the insole and upper, and a row of separate fastenings extending around the outsole parallel to the row of stitches and closely adjacent thereto, said fastenings passing through the outsole, upper and insole, each of said fastenings comprising a shank portion composed of a straight length of Wire having its opposite sides parallel and its opposite end portions provided with pairs of legs which are clinched respectively against the inner surface of the insole and an outer surface on the outsole the legs of each pair being beveled at opposite angles to each other in planes normal to planes defined by the inner and outer sides of the shank portion of l the fastening to provide chisel points on said legs, said legs being deflected laterally of said shank portion in opposite directions when clinched but remaining within the planes defined by the inner and outer sides of said shank portion, and the shank portions of all of said fastenings being located in the outsole so that the clinched legs are parallel to the edge face of the outsole and do not extend into the path of said stitches.

RICHARD C. MARCY. 

